This is an AutoIt Tutorial for Beginners. Learn to Download, Install and Write Basic AutoIt Scripts to Handle Windows Pop-up using AutoIt and Selenium:
Pop-ups are those irritating windows that come up while we work on something important and interrupt our concentration. It is necessary to get rid of them while testing.
In this article, we shall discuss how to handle window pop-ups in automation testing using AutoIt.
This tutorial covers:
- How to handle window pop-ups in Selenium WebDriver,
- Uploading or downloading the files or images by transferring our control from Selenium WebDriver to AutoIt
- How to call the AutoIt script from our program
But first, let’s understand what is AutoIt, how to install and use it.
What You Will Learn:
- What is AutoIt?
- AutoIt Download and Installation – Step by step Guide
- AutoIt Script Editor – Installation
- How to write AutoIt script:
- Download pop-up example:
- Upload pop up example:
- How to upload the file?
- Login Pop-Up Window Example
- How to enter username and password to the above login pop-up alert window?
- What else can we use AutoIt for?
- Conclusion:
- Recommended Reading
What is AutoIt?
AutoIt V3 is a freeware tool which is used for automating anything in Windows environment. AutoIt script is written in a BASIC language. It can simulate any combination of keystrokes, mouse movement and window/control manipulation.
Through AutoIt, we can prepare scripts for our routine actions like file input/output operations, application handling, resources monitoring, and administrative tasks and so on. However, in this article, we shall limit our discussion to handling window pop-ups in Selenium WebDriver.
While doing automation through Selenium or through any other tool for that matter, we all encounter a common problem, windows pop-ups. As Selenium is confined to automating browsers, desktop window is out of scope. Web applications sometimes need to interact with the desktops to perform things like file downloads and uploads. There are tools available for automating these sorts of workflow such as AutoIt, Robot Framework, Silk Test etc.
We can upload or download the files or images by transferring our control from Selenium WebDriver to AutoIt. We need to explicitly call the AutoIt script from our program.
Also, read => How to Handle Alerts/Popups in Selenium WebDriver
AutoIt Download and Installation – Step by step Guide
AutoIt Download: Click here to download AutoItV3 current version and AutoIt Script Editor.
Once downloaded, install the AutoItV3 setup on your system. Follow below steps to install AutoIt.
Step #1 – Click on the setup file
Step #2 – Accept the license agreement
Step #3 – Choose 64 bit or 32-bit options based on your operating system: I choose 64 bit
Step #4 – Click on next and select what operation you want to perform by double-clicking: I choose run the script
Step #5 – Choose all the components that are required and click next. You can also choose default where all are checked
Step #6 – Choose file installation location and click on Install. It will take a few seconds to install. Once done, install the script editor
AutoIt Script Editor – Installation
Download the SciTE.exe and install; it is an editor which helps in finding the commands.
How to write AutoIt script:
- Identify the Windows control, through AutoItV3 Windows Info tool for 64 bit or 32 bit depending on your operating system
- Click on Finder Tool and mouse hover over the object for which you want the properties
- It will capture the properties of pop-up like Title, Class, Position, Size, Style, Handle and so on
AutoIt V3 Window Info – finder tool
- Then with the help of above-captured properties, write a script in SciTE script editor or in notepad and save the script with .au3 extension
- Now compile the .au3 script using AutoIt Script to EXE converter, which converts .au3 file to .exe file
- In that editor provide source and destination folder location and click on convert button, it will create a .exe file
AutoIt Script to Exe converter:
- Else right click you’re saved .au3 script, it will show compile options. Select compile to 64bit or compile to32 bit option and will create a .exe file in the same folder.
- Wherever you encounter download/ upload pop-up window in your Selenium test case, execute the .exe file
- Syntax to call .exe file in your script is: Runtime.getRuntime().exec(“path of exe file”);
Download pop-up example:
How to download the file?
You can use the below AutoIt script to handle the download popups:
We have already captured the file download popup properties like Tile, Class, Position, and Size and so on in our previous steps. Now build an AutoIt script using identified windows control:
WinWait("[TITLE:Opening ; CLASS:MozillaDialogClass]","", 10) //Explanation – “It will wait for the title – opening , type- mozilladialogclass, for 10 secs If WinExists("[TITLE:Opening ; CLASS:MozillaDialogClass]") Then // if condition WinActivate("[TITLE:Opening ; CLASS:MozillaDialogClass]") // if that title is found it will activate and perform below actions Send("{DOWN}") // perform down arrow operation Sleep(10) // wait for 10 secs Send("{TAB}") // perform tab operation Sleep(10) // wait for 10 secs Send("{TAB}") // perform tab operation Sleep(10) // wait for 10 secs Send("{ENTER}") // press enter button EndIf // end of if condition
Upload pop up example:
How to upload the file?
You can use the below AutoIt script to handle the Upload window popup:
Build an AutoIt script using identified windows control:
WinWaitActive("File Upload") // enter the title of the pop up Send("Path of the file to enter") // enter the path of the file to upload Send("{ENTER}") / press enter
Save and compile this script and execute that .exe file in your selenium script where we need to upload the file.
Recommended reading =>> Handling file upload in Selenium
Login Pop-Up Window Example
How to enter username and password to the above login pop-up alert window?
You can use the below AutoIt script to handle the login popup:
WinWaitActive("Authentication Required","","10") If WinExists("Authentication Required") Then Send("username{TAB}") Send("Password{Enter}") EndIf'
How to test if your AutoIt script is showing expected results or not without integrating it in your selenium script?
Follow below steps:
- Before compiling your script double click .au3 file – it will show the errors in your script
- If no errors are found then convert your script into a .exe file
- Manually generate the file download pop scenario
- Now the pop is available and click on the .exe file, it should be able to accept the pop-up and download the file
Disadvantages of AutoIT:
- It works only in Windows operating system
- Knowledge of fundamental coding principles is a must
- It is great tool for professional but bit complicated for beginners
What else can we use AutoIt for?
Apart from handing windows pop-ups, we can use AutoIt to automate your each and every windows operation like file search, copy file from one location to other, installation of software and so on: Refer below examples –
The script for file search in your computer:
$search = FileFindFirstFile("*How*") // enter the search string If $search = -1 Then // condition not satisfied show error message MsgBox(1, "Error", "No files/directories matched the search pattern") Exit EndIf While 1 $file = FileFindNextFile($search) If @error Then ExitLoop MsgBox(4096, "File:", $file) WEnd FileClose($search)
Save and compile this script and execute that .exe file in your current working directory. It will search all the files which start with “How” and display a message box.
Further resources: Learning to Script with AutoItV3 here and here – basic getting started guides to start using AutoIt scripting.
Important aspects you should keep in mind while working with AutoIt:
- Do not forget to save your script with .au3 extension
- Compile your script and create a .exe executable file
- The pop-up or anything that you want to handle should be present beforehand so that the .exe file can work on it
Conclusion:
We can use AutoIt to automate anything in a Windows Operating System environment. It is a script that is written in a BASIC language and can handle any type of window pop-ups which we encounter while doing automation testing. It can kindle various things such as combinations of keystrokes, mouse movement and window/control manipulation.
Using AutoIt, we can also handle any interaction issues between Selenium WebDriver and Windows.
Here, we learned how to upload/download file pop-up, but there are also other issues such as browser authentication popup, file search in a particular directory, etc. We can handle all these issues by using AutoIt tool.
You can also write scripts through AutoIt to start a task at a particular time, to schedule a task, to copy a file from one server to another and so on.
Do you have any tips/experience/questions to share on AutoIt tool? Let us know in comments below.
It looks nice, but the only role of selenium i see here is calling the auto-it script, can it run any output to selenium so that selenium know whether the operation was successful or not.
Or it’s like selenium can just execute it without much validation on the output
does it use vb script as well? which script we should earn to learn autoit?
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Yes selenium will just executed the script validation part you need to cover in your selenium script.Selenium can open any .exe file.
It uses BASIC (Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) language
I need to click on “Yes” or “No” buttons of pop up coming in internet explorer(Would you like to make Internet Explorer your default browser?) using AutoIT. I don’t want to disable its settings of default browser. Please help if anybody knows how to handle such kind of popups?
i am getting error—–‘nasm’ is not recognized as an internal or external command,
operable program or batch file.
Hi
This was really helpful..
I am trying to download a file using AUTOIT, using the following code:
WinWait(“[TITLE:Internet Explorer ; CLASS:IEFrame]”,””, 10)
If WinExists(“[TITLE:Internet Explorer ; CLASS:IEFrame]”) Then
WinActivate(“[TITLE:Internet Explorer ; CLASS:IEFrame]”)
Send(“{DOWN}”)
Sleep(10)
Send(“{TAB}”)
Sleep(10)
Send(“{TAB}”)
Sleep(10)
Send(“{ENTER}”)
EndIf
but this is not working. Pls help debug
if you are using tabs, down is not neccesorry.
Hi I wanna click the element in menubar, how to do it.
For example want to click file edit. Please guide
Hai i want to upload file in gmail. when i use the following code i am getting error like
Exception in thread “main” java.io.IOException: Cannot run program “C:\Desktop\FileUpload.exe”: CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified
at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Runtime.exec(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Runtime.exec(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Runtime.exec(Unknown Source)
at gmail.Gmail.main(Gmail.java:59)
Caused by: java.io.IOException: CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified
at java.lang.ProcessImpl.create(Native Method)
at java.lang.ProcessImpl.(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ProcessImpl.start(Unknown Source)
… 5 more
can someone please suggest me the solution
in Java use \\ for where you see \ in Windows
“C:\\Desktop\\FileUpload.exe”
this is because in the context of Java and \\ context the first \ means treat the next character literally, so the end result is the single \ you expected
I am facing issues with using the below code for IE browser on windows 10 OS.
WinWaitActive(“Authentication Required”,””,”10″)
If WinExists(“Authentication Required”) Then
Send(“username{TAB}”)
Send(“Password{Enter}”)
EndIf’
Does anyone know how to resolve this?
You need to post more detail. Try to recreate exactly doing it manually.
Do you have an issue where the Authentication required isn’t in focus, do you need to WinActivate it, or click it with a mouse or something else before sending the {tab}?
Although sending tabs and typing is problematic (better to set form values by name or object id than tab), if you are forced to send password make sure you send raw. If you send by default some characters that might be in a password can trigger AutoIT to interpret them as instructions to hold down shift or do other unexpected thing, send_raw will do as the name suggests
Hi I want to execute below code on remote machine but nothing is happening. I am using Grid+AutoIT set up so I have wriiten piece of code in hub and trying to execute that on node machine remotely. I just reach upto login page but after that no credential is passing by code. I have copied AutoIT .exe script in both machine but no success. but code is running absolutely fine but i am unable to run it on remote machine please help me out.
WinWaitActive(“Authentication Required”,””,”10″)
If WinExists(“Authentication Required”) Then
Send(“username{TAB}”)
Send(“Password{Enter}”)
EndIf’
Hi,
Is Autoit can be use to data upload from csv file to a desktop application. Can i use, Do while loop and run the recorded script until all the data uploaded. Data is in rows.. may be 1000 rows.
Hardeep
yes
Suppose there is a window popup which accepts username and password, and I use AutoIt to automate it. While the test is running I open note pad parallely at the time of autoit code execution. Will the username and password enter into the window popup or the notepad?
I need to know the commands to implement AutoIt with protractor. Facing issue with this. Can someone please help here?
Hi, I need to click an element in a desktop window but there is no class, class name, id, etc. And I don’t want to use mouse co-ordinates to click that element. Is there any alternative way to click that element ?
It is posible that Autoit Make an action with a program notificacion as trigger ??? For example open the RING aplication with a notification arrives