Python Operators with Types and Examples:
Python Data Types were explained in detail along with their classification in our previous tutorial.
In this tutorial, we learn all about Python Operators along with their types. Simple examples pertaining to each type of Python operator are included in this tutorial.
This Python Training Tutorial Series will be a perfect guide for any beginner to enhance their knowledge on Python concepts.
Watch the VIDEO Tutorials
Overview of Operators in Python (Part 1):
An In-Depth Look at Operators in Python (Part 2):
Python Operators
What are Python Operators?
Operators are used for carrying out operations on values and variables.
Python has 7 types of Operators as stated below:
- Arithmetic Operator
- Comparison operators
- Logical operators
- Bitwise operators
- Assignment Operator
- Identity operators
- Membership operators
#1) Arithmetic Operators
Python programming language supports different kinds of arithmetic operators for both integer and floating point like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and so on.
| Operator Type | Definition |
|---|---|
| Addition (+) | Addition operator |
| Subtraction (-) | Subtraction operator |
| Multiplication (*) | Multiplication operator |
| Division (/) | Division operator |
| Modulus (%) | Reminder operator |
| Floor division (//) | Divides and returns the value of the remainder. |
| Exponentiation (**) | Raises the left operand to the power of right. |
Example:
x = 15
y = 10
print('x + y =', x+y)
Output: x + y = 25
print('x - y =', x-y)
Output: x – y = 5
print('x * y =', x*y)
Output: x * y = 150
print('x / y =', x/y)
Output: x / y = 1.5
print('x % y =', x%y)
Output: x % y = 5
print('x // y =', x//y)
Output: x // y = 1
print('x ** y =', x**y)
Output: x ** y = 576650390625
#2) Comparison Operators
Comparison operators are used for comparing values. It either returns True or False according to the condition.
| Operators | Definition |
|---|---|
| Greater than (>) | True if left operand is greater than the right |
| Less than (<) | True if left operand is less than the right |
| Equal to (==) | True if both operands are equal |
| Not equal to (!=) | True if operands are not equal |
| Greater than or equal to (>=) | True if left operand is greater than or equal to the right |
| Less than or equal to (<=) | True if left operand is less than or equal to the right |
Example:
x = 8
y = 15
('x>y is',x>y)
Output: x > y is False
print('x< y is', x<y)
Output: x < y is True
print('x == y is', x==y)
Output: x == y is False
print('x != y is', x!=y)
Output: x != y is True
print('x >= y is', x>=y)
Output: x >= y is False
print('x<= y is', x<=y)
Output: x <= y is True
#3) Logical Operators
Logical operators are used for performing AND, OR and NOT operations. It either returns True or False according to the condition.
| Operators | Definitions |
|---|---|
| and | True if both the operands are true |
| or | True if either of the operands is true |
| not | True if operand is false |
Example:
a = True b = False print(‘a and b is’, a and b)
Output: a and b is False
print(‘a or b is’, a or b)
Output: a or b is True
print(‘not a is’, not a)
Output: not a is False
#4) Bitwise Operators
Bitwise operators operate on bits and perform bit by bit operation.
| Operators | Definitions |
|---|---|
| & | Bitwise AND |
| | | Bitwise OR |
| ~ | Bitwise NOT |
| ^ | Bitwise XOR |
| >> | Bitwise right shift |
| << | Bitwise left shift |
#5) Assignment Operator
An assignment operator is used to assign a value to a variable.
| Operators | Definitions | Output |
|---|---|---|
| = | x = 15 | x = 15 |
| += | x += 15 | x = x + 15 |
| -= | x -= 15 | x = x - 15 |
| *= | x *= 15 | x = x * 15 |
| /= | x /= 15 | x = x / 15 |
| %= | x %= 15 | x = x % 15 |
| //= | x //= 15 | x = x // 15 |
| **= | x **= 15 | x = x ** 15 |
| &= | x &= 15 | x = x & 15 |
| |= | x |= 15 | x = x | 15 |
| ^= | x ^= 15 | x = x ^ 15 |
| >>= | x >>= 15 | x = x >> 15 |
| <<= | x <<= 15 | x = x << 15 |
#6) Identity Operators
Python offers 2 types of identity operators i.e is and is not.
Both are used to compare if two values are located on the same part of the memory. Two variables that are equal does not imply that they are identical.
| Operators | Definitions |
|---|---|
| is | True if the operands are identical |
| is not | True if the operands are not identical |
Example:
a1 = 3 b1 = 3 a2 = "Python" b2 = "Python" a3 = [4,5,6] b3 = [4,5,6] print(a1 is not b1)
Output: False
print(a2 is b2)
Output: True
print(a3 is b3)
Output: False
Here a3 and b3 are listed, interpreter allocates memory separately and even though they are equal, it returns False.
#7) Membership Operators
Python offers 2 types of membership operators i.e in and not in.
Both are used to test whether a value or variable is in a sequence.
| Operators | Definitions |
|---|---|
| in | True if value is found in the sequence |
| not in | True if value is not found in the sequence |
Example:
a = “Python operators”
b = {1:'x',2:'y'}
print(“P” in a)
Output: True
print(“python” not in a)
Output: False
print(1 in b)
Output: True
print('y' in b)
Output: False
1 is key and ‘x’ is the value in dictionary b. Hence, ‘y’ in b returns False.
Hope you are clear about Python operators and their various types.
Watch out our upcoming to know more about Python Conditional Statements!!